Bourbon, often revered as “America’s native spirit,” boasts a rich history that is intimately tied to the United States. With such a long-standing tradition, it’s no surprise that a distinctive vocabulary has developed around it. For those stepping into the world of bourbon, the specialized terminology can seem somewhat overwhelming. But fret not; this guide aims to demystify the terms and phrases commonly employed in bourbon tasting and discussions.
A Guide to Common Terms Used in Bourbon Tasting
Navigating the multifaceted world of bourbon tasting can be a delight for the senses, but it requires a keen understanding of specific terminology. Much like a sommelier has a lexicon for wine, bourbon enthusiasts utilize a set of distinct descriptors to articulate their experiences with this esteemed spirit.
When Master Distiller, Jake Matthews, speaks about bourbon terms, he had this advice to share: “When you’re tasting bourbon, you’re not just tasting; you’re experiencing. Every term we use, from ‘nose’ to ‘finish,’ helps capture that essence and the intricate dance of flavors on the palate.”
1. Nose (or Aroma): The scent of the bourbon when it’s swirled in the glass. A good bourbon can have layers of aromas, from fruity notes to more robust ones like caramel or oak.
2. Mouthfeel: How the bourbon feels as it coats the mouth. It can be described as creamy, oily, or even velvety.
3. Finish The lingering taste after swallowing. A bourbon can have a short or long finish, and some aficionados might describe the finish as spicy, warm, or smooth.
4. Legs: Upon swirling the bourbon in a glass, you’ll notice streaks running down the sides. These streaks, called legs, can give clues about the alcohol content and age of the bourbon.
5. Silky Mouthfeel: When sipping bourbon, sometimes what stands out isn’t just the taste but the texture. A bourbon described as having a “silky mouthfeel” is smooth, almost velvety, as it glides over the palate. It’s reminiscent of luxurious fabric, and effortlessly elegant, making each sip a tactile treat.
6. Caramel Undertones: It’s not uncommon to find bourbons that hint at the sweet, rich warmth of caramel. These undertones are often the result of the charred oak barrels used during the aging process. When you detect caramel, it’s like uncovering a sweet secret, a whispered promise of dessert-like decadence in every sip.
7. Spicy Kick: Some bourbons surprise you with a sudden burst of spiciness, reminiscent of freshly cracked black pepper or even a dash of cinnamon. This spicy kick is invigorating, adding a vivacious zing and depth to the bourbon experience.
8. Oaky Resonance: The influence of the barrel is unmistakable in many bourbons, leading to an “oaky resonance.” This descriptor speaks to the rich, woodsy flavor imbued into the spirit during its aging process. It’s like a nod to the forests where the barrels began their journey, imparting a grounded, earthy note to the drink.
9. Fruity Whispers: On occasion, amidst the robust flavors of bourbon, you might detect subtle hints of fruitiness. These can range from light citrus zest to the deeper, darker allure of dried fruits like figs or raisins. These fruity whispers add layers of complexity, taking the drinker on a delightful detour through orchards and sunlit gardens even as they savor their bourbon.
Differences in Regional Vocabularies
While bourbon is quintessentially American, enthusiasts from different regions might use varying terms to describe similar attributes. For instance:
- East Coast: Bourbon drinkers on the East Coast might use terms like “bright” or “zesty” to describe sharper, more citrus-forward notes.
- Southern States: Given the deep roots of bourbon in the southern states, traditional descriptors like “smoky,” “woody,” or “caramelized” are more prevalent.
- West Coast: Those on the West Coast, influenced perhaps by the wine industry, could use terms borrowed from vintners, such as “terroir” to describe the environment’s influence on the bourbon’s taste.
- Sun-Kissed Glow (Southern U.S.) vs Golden Hug (Midwest): Both these terms refer to the rich amber hue of bourbon, reflecting its warm essence. Where the Southern states might refer to their bourbon’s color as reminiscent of the sun’s gentle touch, the Midwest feels it more as a comforting embrace.
- Firecracker Burst (Northeast U.S.) vs Mountain Zest (West): When discussing the spirited kick some bourbons provide, the Northeast might liken it to the explosion of a firecracker, while the Western states could envision the invigorating rush of mountain air.
- Molasses Drizzle (Southeast U.S.) vs Honeyed Dip (Pacific Northwest): Both terms point to the sweet, lingering notes in certain bourbons. The Southeast finds it similar to the rich depth of molasses, whereas the Pacific Northwest sees it as akin to the lighter sweetness of honey.
- River Smooth (Midwest) vs Coastal Breeze (East Coast): When describing the smooth finish of a refined bourbon, the Midwest might liken it to the calm flow of their vast rivers. In contrast, the East Coast feels it’s as gentle and refreshing as a coastal breeze.
- Orchard Dance (New England) vs Desert Bloom (Southwest): For bourbons with a fruity undertone, New Englanders might imagine a lively jig through apple orchards, while the Southwest envisions the fleeting beauty of desert flowers after a rare rainfall.
Making Sense of Bourbon Lingo
While bourbon’s rich history and tradition are echoed in its unique lingo, for newcomers, these terms can often sound like an entirely different language. Yet, each term serves a purpose, helping enthusiasts and novices alike articulate the nuances of what they’re tasting and experiencing.
Bourbon historian, Dr. Lydia Halpert stated: “Terms like ‘Angel’s Share’ or ‘Mash Bill’ aren’t just jargon; they’re gateways into understanding the art, science, and passion behind bourbon-making. They allow us to celebrate and honor the traditions while savoring the drink.”
- Angel’s Share: This poetic term refers to the amount of bourbon that evaporates from the oak barrels during the aging process.
- Mash Bill: Simply put, this refers to the recipe of grains used in producing bourbon. By law, at least 51% must be corn, but the rest can be a blend of grains like rye, barley, or wheat.
- Charred Oak: A crucial component of bourbon’s distinctive flavor profile. The inside of the barrels, where bourbon ages, is charred, imparting flavors like caramel, vanilla, and smoky notes to the liquid.
Understanding the rich lexicon surrounding bourbon not only enhances one’s appreciation of this spirit but also allows for deeper, more informed discussions. As with any specialty, knowledge truly deepens enjoyment. Whether you’re a seasoned bourbon drinker or someone just starting, expanding your vocabulary is a significant first step in your bourbon exploration.